It is recommended for conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, scoliosis, fractures, and spondylolisthesis that cause pain or instability.

Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra) and the male reproductive system (prostate, testicles, penis).

These can include pain or burning during urination, frequent urination, blood in the urine, difficulty emptying the bladder, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and lower back pain.

Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle habits (smoking), and certain medical conditions (diabetes, high blood pressure).

Maintain a healthy weight, drink plenty of fluids, avoid smoking, and eat a balanced diet.

Tests may include urinalysis, urine culture, blood tests, imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan), and urodynamic testing.

Preventive health care involves measures taken to prevent diseases or conditions before they start. This includes regular check-ups, screenings, and vaccinations.

Common chronic diseases managed include diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), asthma, arthritis, and heart disease.

The frequency of health check-ups depends on your age, health status, and risk factors. Generally, adults should have a check-up at least once a year.

Women’s health services include gynaecological exams, prenatal care, family planning, breast health screenings, and menopause management.

Paediatric care includes well-child visits, vaccinations, developmental screenings, and management of childhood illnesses and conditions.