Bypass surgery, also known as Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG), is a procedure to replace damaged or blocked arteries in the heart with blood vessels from another part of the body.

Patients with severe coronary artery disease, where the arteries are significantly narrowed or blocked, may need bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart.

A surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel from your leg, arm, or chest and connects it to the blocked coronary artery, bypassing the blocked section to improve blood flow.

Risks include infection, bleeding, heart attack, stroke, and reactions to anaesthesia, though serious complications are rare.

The surgery typically lasts between 3 to 6 hours, depending on the number of arteries being bypassed and the patient’s condition.

A Urine Pregnancy Test (UPT) detects the presence of the hormone hCG in a woman’s urine to confirm pregnancy.

You can take a UPT if you have missed your period or are experiencing early pregnancy symptoms.

The UPT is highly accurate when performed correctly and can detect pregnancy within a few days of a missed period.

The test involves collecting a urine sample and using a test strip or device to detect hCG levels.

If your UPT result is positive, contact your healthcare provider to discuss the next steps and begin prenatal care.

Antithrombin III is a protein that helps regulate blood clotting by inhibiting clotting factors. Proper function of Antithrombin III is essential for preventing abnormal blood clot formation.

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm and analyzed to measure Antithrombin III levels and activity.

No fasting or special preparation is required. You can eat and drink normally before the test.

Results are generally available within a few hours to 1-2 days, depending on the laboratory’s processing time.

Discuss any abnormal results with your healthcare provider, who will provide guidance on further tests or treatment options based on your specific condition.