Symptoms may include confusion, fatigue, weakness, and in severe cases, coma.

Treatment involves reducing ammonia levels through medications and dietary changes.

Yes, certain medications, especially those metabolised by the liver, can influence ammonia levels.

Liver disease, kidney dysfunction, and urea cycle disorders can impact ammonia metabolism.

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in the arm and sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Surgery is usually considered when varicose veins cause significant pain, swelling, skin changes, or if other conservative treatments have failed to provide relief.

If you have persistent joint pain, swelling, or instability that does not respond to conservative treatments, arthroscopy may be recommended.