A Holter monitor is a portable device used to continuously record the electrical activity of the heart over 24 to 48 hours, capturing data during daily activities.

A Holter monitor helps detect and diagnose irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) that may not be captured during a standard ECG.

The monitor is attached to the patient with electrodes placed on the chest. It records heartbeats continuously while the patient carries out normal activities.

Patients experiencing symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or irregular heartbeats may require Holter monitoring to assess their heart’s electrical activity over an extended period.

Holter monitoring typically lasts 24 to 48 hours, depending on the doctor’s recommendation and the specific monitoring objectives.

Types include transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), partial cystectomy, and radical cystectomy, depending on the tumor’s type and stage.

Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra) and the male reproductive system (prostate, testicles, penis).

These can include pain or burning during urination, frequent urination, blood in the urine, difficulty emptying the bladder, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and lower back pain.

Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle habits (smoking), and certain medical conditions (diabetes, high blood pressure).

Maintain a healthy weight, drink plenty of fluids, avoid smoking, and eat a balanced diet.

Tests may include urinalysis, urine culture, blood tests, imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan), and urodynamic testing.