Orthopaedic surgeons treat conditions related to the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. This includes fractures, arthritis, sports injuries, and congenital conditions.

Joint replacement surgery involves removing a damaged joint and replacing it with an artificial implant. Common joints replaced include the hip, knee, and shoulder.

Preparing for orthopaedic surgery typically involves pre-operative tests, discussions with your surgeon about the procedure, and instructions on medications, fasting, and arranging post-surgery care at home.

Rehabilitation options include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and specific exercises designed to restore mobility, strength, and functionality to the affected area.

Non-surgical treatments include medications, physical therapy, injections, braces, and lifestyle modifications to manage pain and improve function.

Risks may include infection, blood clots, bleeding, nerve damage, and issues related to anesthesia. Your surgeon will discuss these risks with you.

The test measures the levels of key electrolytes in the blood, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate, to assess fluid balance and overall health.

It provides crucial information about electrolyte levels, helping diagnose and manage conditions like dehydration, kidney disease, heart problems, and metabolic disorders.

Generally, fasting is not required. However, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as these can affect the test results.

Results are typically available within a few hours to a day, allowing for prompt medical decision-making based on the electrolyte levels in your blood.

Abnormal levels can be caused by a variety of factors, including dehydration, kidney dysfunction, certain medications, and metabolic disorders. Your healthcare provider will interpret the results and provide guidance based on your specific condition.