Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that typically appear in the legs. They occur when the valves in the veins fail to function properly, causing blood to pool and the veins to swell.

AV fistulas are preferred because they last longer, have a lower risk of infection, and provide better blood flow for dialysis.

An Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart to identify heart rhythm issues, heart attacks, and other cardiac conditions.

No special preparation is usually required. You may be asked to remove any metal objects or wear a hospital gown for ease of access to the chest area.

You can eat and drink normally before the test. However, avoid consuming large amounts of caffeine or alcohol as they might affect the results.

ECGs are very safe and non-invasive. There are no known risks or side effects associated with the test.

In most cases, you can continue taking your medications as prescribed. However, inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking.