Spirometry is a lung function test that measures how much air you can inhale and exhale, and how quickly you can do it.

Wear loose clothing, avoid heavy meals or intense exercise before the test, and follow any specific instructions from your doctor.

No, spirometry is non-invasive and painless. You will be asked to breathe into a device, which may feel slightly uncomfortable but is not painful.

The test itself takes about 15-30 minutes. Results are usually available immediately or within a few hours.

The frequency depends on your health conditions and doctor’s recommendations. It may be performed regularly for ongoing monitoring or as needed for diagnosis.

Risks include infection, bleeding, and the possibility of the fistula not maturing properly. Our surgeons take precautions to minimize these risks.

The test measures the concentration of magnesium in the blood to assess overall magnesium status.

No, fasting is not typically required for this test.

Causes include poor dietary intake, gastrointestinal disorders, renal issues, and certain medications.

Yes, high levels can be harmful, often due to excessive supplementation or renal failure, and need medical evaluation.

A blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in the arm, and analyzed in a laboratory.