Tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the tonsils, which can help alleviate chronic tonsillitis, obstructive sleep apnea, and other tonsil-related issues.

Knowing your blood group is crucial for safe blood transfusions, organ transplants, and managing pregnancies to prevent Rh incompatibility.

Chronic kidney disease is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose function over time, leading to waste buildup in the body.

Common causes include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and recurrent kidney infections.

Symptoms may include fatigue, swelling in ankles and feet, nausea, shortness of breath, confusion, and decreased urine output.

Diagnosis is made through blood tests, urine tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a kidney biopsy to assess kidney function and damage.

Treatments include medications to manage symptoms, lifestyle changes, dialysis, and in severe cases, kidney transplantation.