A craniotomy may be needed to treat brain tumors, aneurysms, epilepsy, or vascular malformations when other treatments are not effective.

The procedure uses an arthroscope to remove the damaged ACL and replace it with a graft, secured with screws or devices.

The S. IgA Test measures Immunoglobulin A levels to assess immune function and diagnose immune disorders.

No special preparation is required. You can eat and drink normally before the test.

A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm, which is then analyzed for IgA levels.

Low levels may suggest an IgA deficiency or other immune system disorders.

Results are typically available within a few hours to one day, depending on the lab’s processing time.