Cystoscopy surgery involves using a cystoscope to examine the bladder and urethra, allowing for diagnosis and treatment of bladder conditions.

It is a test that measures the level of the hormone beta-HCG in the blood to confirm pregnancy and monitor its progress.

It can be taken to confirm pregnancy, monitor early pregnancy, or diagnose certain pregnancy-related conditions.

No special preparation is needed. Inform your provider about any medications or treatments you are undergoing.

Results are usually available within 24 hours after the blood sample is taken.

They indicate the presence and concentration of beta-HCG in your blood, which helps in confirming and monitoring pregnancy.

The test measures the levels of key electrolytes in the blood, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate, to assess fluid balance and overall health.

It provides crucial information about electrolyte levels, helping diagnose and manage conditions like dehydration, kidney disease, heart problems, and metabolic disorders.

Generally, fasting is not required. However, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as these can affect the test results.

Results are typically available within a few hours to a day, allowing for prompt medical decision-making based on the electrolyte levels in your blood.

Abnormal levels can be caused by a variety of factors, including dehydration, kidney dysfunction, certain medications, and metabolic disorders. Your healthcare provider will interpret the results and provide guidance based on your specific condition.