Recovery times vary but are generally shorter than traditional surgery. Most patients can return to normal activities within a few days to weeks.

Symptoms may include confusion, fatigue, weakness, and in severe cases, coma.

Treatment involves reducing ammonia levels through medications and dietary changes.

Yes, certain medications, especially those metabolised by the liver, can influence ammonia levels.

Liver disease, kidney dysfunction, and urea cycle disorders can impact ammonia metabolism.

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in the arm and sent to a laboratory for analysis.

It is recommended for conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, scoliosis, fractures, and spondylolisthesis that cause pain or instability.