Candidates typically include individuals with severe obesity (BMI of 40 or higher) or those with a BMI of 35 or higher with obesity-related health issues.

Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra) and the male reproductive system (prostate, testicles, penis).

These can include pain or burning during urination, frequent urination, blood in the urine, difficulty emptying the bladder, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and lower back pain.

Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle habits (smoking), and certain medical conditions (diabetes, high blood pressure).

Maintain a healthy weight, drink plenty of fluids, avoid smoking, and eat a balanced diet.

Tests may include urinalysis, urine culture, blood tests, imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan), and urodynamic testing.

Types include total hysterectomy, total abdominal hysterectomy, total vaginal hysterectomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy, and radical hysterectomy.