Surgery is recommended for patients with severe PAD who have not responded to medication, lifestyle changes, or other treatments.

Appendectomy is needed when a patient has appendicitis, which can cause severe pain and lead to complications if untreated.

The test involves collecting a small blood sample, usually through a finger prick or venous draw, and testing it for malaria antigens.

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can detect antigens specific to Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, or both, depending on the test used.

Yes, RDTs are generally reliable for detecting malaria antigens, with high specificity and sensitivity when performed correctly.

Some RDTs can differentiate between P. falciparum and other malaria species, aiding in targeted treatment strategies.

The test involves a simple blood draw with minimal risks, such as minor bruising at the puncture site.