Bypass surgery, also known as Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG), is a procedure to replace damaged or blocked arteries in the heart with blood vessels from another part of the body.

Patients with severe coronary artery disease, where the arteries are significantly narrowed or blocked, may need bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart.

A surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel from your leg, arm, or chest and connects it to the blocked coronary artery, bypassing the blocked section to improve blood flow.

Risks include infection, bleeding, heart attack, stroke, and reactions to anaesthesia, though serious complications are rare.

The surgery typically lasts between 3 to 6 hours, depending on the number of arteries being bypassed and the patient’s condition.

Types include total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, skin-sparing mastectomy, nipple-sparing mastectomy, and double mastectomy.

Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of nervous system disorders, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

Neurologists treat conditions such as stroke, epilepsy, migraines, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurological disorders.

You should see a neurologist if you experience symptoms such as severe headaches, chronic pain, dizziness, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, or problems with coordination or memory.

Neurologists use tests such as MRI, CT scans, EEG, EMG, nerve conduction studies, lumbar punctures, and blood tests to diagnose neurological conditions.

Neurologists diagnose and treat neurological disorders with medication and other non-surgical methods, while neurosurgeons perform surgical procedures on the brain, spine, and nerves.