Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.

They can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, animal, insect bites, or contaminated food and water.

Symptoms vary but often include fever, fatigue, muscle aches, cough, and digestive issues.

Diagnosis involves physical examinations, medical history review, and diagnostic tests such as blood tests, cultures, and imaging.

Treatments may include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiparasitics, and supportive care depending on the type of infection.

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver, caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Individuals at risk of Hepatitis C infection or needing routine screening should undergo this test.

No, the test involves a simple blood draw, which may cause slight discomfort but is generally well-tolerated.

A positive result indicates the presence of antibodies against the Hepatitis C virus, suggesting either current or past infection.

No, additional tests such as HCV RNA PCR may be required to distinguish between acute and chronic infection.

Types include flexible cystoscopy, rigid cystoscopy, and retrograde cystoscopy, each used 

based on the diagnostic or therapeutic needs.