Types include flexible cystoscopy, rigid cystoscopy, and retrograde cystoscopy, each used 

based on the diagnostic or therapeutic needs.

Symptoms may include muscle weakness, spasms, arrhythmias, and changes in mood.

Yes, consuming foods rich in magnesium, such as nuts, seeds, and leafy greens, can help maintain adequate levels.

Supplementation is based on test results and individual health needs, monitored by healthcare providers.

Causes include kidney disease, excessive magnesium intake, or certain medications.

Frequency depends on initial results and medical conditions; consult with your healthcare provider.

Protein S is a protein that helps regulate blood clotting by assisting in the deactivation of clotting factors and promoting the breakdown of clots. Its proper function is crucial for preventing abnormal clot formation and related disorders.

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The sample is then analyzed to measure Protein S levels and activity.

No fasting or special preparation is required before the test. You can eat and drink as usual.

Results are typically available within a few hours to 1-2 days, depending on the laboratory’s processing time.

If your results are abnormal, your healthcare provider will discuss them with you and may recommend additional tests or adjustments to your treatment plan based on your specific condition.