Cystectomy surgery involves the removal of all or part of the bladder to treat conditions such as bladder cancer or severe bladder dysfunction.

Vascular surgery focuses on treating diseases of the blood vessels, including arteries and veins.

Vascular surgery addresses conditions such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), varicose veins, aneurysms, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Symptoms can include leg pain, swelling, skin changes, numbness, and difficulty walking.

Treatments include sclerotherapy, laser therapy, and minimally invasive procedures like endovenous ablation.

Yes, vascular surgery is generally safe, with risks varying by procedure and patient health.

DBS is commonly used to treat Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, particularly when medications are not effective.