Chronic kidney disease is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose function over time, leading to waste buildup in the body.

Common causes include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and recurrent kidney infections.

Symptoms may include fatigue, swelling in ankles and feet, nausea, shortness of breath, confusion, and decreased urine output.

Diagnosis is made through blood tests, urine tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a kidney biopsy to assess kidney function and damage.

Treatments include medications to manage symptoms, lifestyle changes, dialysis, and in severe cases, kidney transplantation.

Types include transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), partial cystectomy, and radical cystectomy, depending on the tumor’s type and stage.

An Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart to identify heart rhythm issues, heart attacks, and other cardiac conditions.

No special preparation is usually required. You may be asked to remove any metal objects or wear a hospital gown for ease of access to the chest area.

You can eat and drink normally before the test. However, avoid consuming large amounts of caffeine or alcohol as they might affect the results.

ECGs are very safe and non-invasive. There are no known risks or side effects associated with the test.

In most cases, you can continue taking your medications as prescribed. However, inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking.