Techniques include implant-based reconstruction, autologous flap reconstruction, and a combination of both methods.

The ABG Test measures oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the blood to evaluate lung function and acid-base balance.

A blood sample is collected from an artery, typically in the wrist or arm, using a needle.

No special preparation is required, but avoid smoking or strenuous exercise before the test. Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking.

Results are usually available within a few hours of the test, allowing for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Discuss any abnormal results with your healthcare provider for appropriate interpretation and to determine the next steps for treatment or further testing.

Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra) and the male reproductive system (prostate, testicles, penis).

These can include pain or burning during urination, frequent urination, blood in the urine, difficulty emptying the bladder, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and lower back pain.

Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle habits (smoking), and certain medical conditions (diabetes, high blood pressure).

Maintain a healthy weight, drink plenty of fluids, avoid smoking, and eat a balanced diet.

Tests may include urinalysis, urine culture, blood tests, imaging tests (ultrasound, CT scan), and urodynamic testing.